Air Monitoring Instruments and Methods

Ambient Air Monitoring Methodologies

Criteria Pollutants
Pollutant/Parameter	Units	Automated Continuous (Hourly)	Manual		Instrumentation and Methodology	EPA Reference and/or Equivalency Designation
Pollutant/Parameter	Units	Automated Continuous (Hourly)	Every 6th Day Midnight-Midnight	Every 3rd Day Midnight-Midnight	Instrumentation and Methodology	EPA Reference and/or Equivalency Designation
Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂)	PPM	X			Thermo Electro (TECO) Model 43C Pulsed Fluorescence	EQSA-0276-009
Sulfur Dioxide (Low Level)	PPB	X			TECO Model 43S/43C Pulsed Fluorescence
Oxides of Nitrogen Nitric Oxide (NO) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂) Total (NO_x)	PPM	X			TEI Model 42/42C Gas Phase Chemiluminescence	RFNA-0977-025
Carbon Monoxide (CO)	PPM	X			TECO Model 48C Gas Filter Correlation Non-Dispersive Infrared	RFCA-0981-054
Ozone (O3)	PPM	X			TECO Model 49C Ultraviolet Light Absorption	EQOA-0880-047
PM_2.5 Speciation Ions, Metals, Carbon	µg/m³		X	X	Rupprecht & Patshnick 2300 Partisol	RFPS-0498-118
Fine Particulate Matter (PM_2.5)	µg/m³	X		X	Rupprecht & Patashnick TEOM 1400ab Rupprecht & Patashnick 2025 Partisol	RFPS-0498-118
Inhalable Particulates (PM₁₀)	µg/m³	X	X		Rupprecht & Patashnick TEOM 1400ab Wedding & Associates Critical Flow Gravimetric Quartz Filter	EQPM-1090-079 RFPS-1087-062
Inhalable Particulates (PM₁₀) Sulfates (SO₄) Nitrates (NO₃)	µg/m³		X		Portion of PM₁₀ Sample treated chemically and analyzed by ion chromatography
Total Suspended Particulates (TSP)	µg/m³		X		General Metal Works Model GL2000 Gravimetric Glass Fiber Filter
Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) Sulfates (SO₄) Nitrates (NO₃)	µg/m³		X		Portion of PM₁₀ Sample treated chemically and analyzed by ion chromatography
Lead	µg/m³		X		General Metal Works Model GL2000 Gravimetric Glass Fiber Filter Atomic Absorption

Trace Metals
Pollutant/Parameter	Units	Automated Continuous (Hourly)	Manual		Instrumentation and Methodology	EPA Reference and/or Equivalency Designation
Pollutant/Parameter	Units	Automated Continuous (Hourly)	Every 6th Day Midnight-Midnight	Weekly	Instrumentation and Methodology	EPA Reference and/or Equivalency Designation
Arsenic	µg/m³		X		General Metal Works Model GL2000 Gravimetric Glass Fiber Filter Wedding & Associates Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission
Cadmium	µg/m³		X
Mercury	µg/m³		X
Nickel	µg/m³		X
Vanadium	µg/m³		X

Toxics (Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs)
Pollutant/Parameter	Units	Automated Continuous (Hourly)	Manual		Instrumentation and Methodology	EPA Reference and/or Equivalency Designation
Pollutant/Parameter	Units	Automated Continuous (Hourly)	Every 6th Day Midnight-Midnight	Weekly	Instrumentation and Methodology	EPA Reference and/or Equivalency Designation
Methylene Chloride	PPB		X		SUMMA Polished or Glass-lined Canister (TO-14) Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry
Chloroform	PPB		X
1,2 Dichloroethane	PPB		X
1,1,1-Trichloroethane	PPB		X
Carbon Tetrachloride	PPB		X
Trichloroethylene	PPB		X
1,1,2-Trichloroethane	PPB		X
Toluene	PPB		X
Tetrachloroethylene	PPB		X
Benzene	PPB		X
Ethylbenzene	PPB		X
Meta & Paraxylene	PPB		X
OrthoXylene	PPB		X
Chlorobenzene	PPB		X
1,3 Dichlorobenzene	PPB		X
1,4 Dichlorobenzene	PPB		X
1,2 Dichlorobenzene	PPB		X
Vinyl Chloride	PPB		X
1,2 Dichloropropane	PPB		X
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene	PPB		X
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene	PPB		X
1,1 Dichloroethene	PPB		X
Hexachloro-1,3-Butadiene	PPB		X
1,1 Dichloroethane	PPB		X
Chloromethane	PPB		X
Chloroethane	PPB		X
cis 1,2-Dichloroethene	PPB		X
cis 1,3-Dichloropropene	PPB		X
trans 1,3-Dichloropropene	PPB		X
Dichlorodifluoromethane	PPB		X
Trichlorofluoromethane	PPB		X
Trichlorotrifluoroethane	PPB		X
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane	PPB		X
1,2-Dibromoethane	PPB		X
A-chlorotouluene	PPB		X
1,1,2,2 Tetrachloroethane	PPB		X
Bromomethane	PPB		X
Styrene	PPB		X
Bromodichloromethane	PPB		X
1,3 Butadiene	PPB		X
Methyl Tert Butyl Ether	PPB		X
2 Chloroprene	PPB		X
Tribromomethane	PPB		X
1,2,4 Trichlorobenzene	PPB		X

Acid Deposition
Pollutant/ Parameter	Units	Automated Continuous (Hourly)	Manual		Instrumentation and Methodology	EPA Reference and/or Equivalency Designation
Pollutant/ Parameter	Units	Automated Continuous (Hourly)	Every 6th Day Midnight-Midnight	Weekly	Instrumentation and Methodology	EPA Reference and/or Equivalency Designation
Precipitation	Inches	X			Belfort Model 3200 Hi-Capacity Precipitation Gauge Sierra Misco Model 2500E Tipping Bucket, Rain Gauge
Precipitation	Inches			X	Viking Environmental Instruments, Inc. Hyetometer Automatic Sensing Wet/Dry Collector
Water Bath				X	Precision Scientific Microprocessor Controlled 280 Series Water Bath
pH	pH units			X	Thermo Orion PerpHect Epoxy ATC - 927005 Rosscombination pH - 8102BN
Conductivity	µs/cm			X	Thermo Orion Conductivity Cell - 013005D Dura Probe
Anions Fluoride Chloride Bromide Nitrite Nitrate Sulfate Ortho-phosphate	i ppm			X	Dionex Model 500DX AS Auto Sampler AS50 Thermal Compartment EG49 Eluent Generator CD 20 Conductivity Detector IP25 Isocratic Pump
Cations Sodium Ammonium Potassium Calcium Magnesium	i ppm			X

Meteorology
Pollutant/ Parameter	Units	Automated Continuous (Hourly)	Manual		Instrumentation and Methodology	EPA Reference and/or Equivalency Designation
Pollutant/ Parameter	Units	Automated Continuous (Hourly)	Every 6th Day Midnight-Midnight	Weekly	Instrumentation and Methodology	EPA Reference and/or Equivalency Designation
Wind Direction	Degrees (Azimuth)	X			Climatronics or Met One Sonic Sensors
Wind Speed	MPH
Wind Sigma (Horizontal)	Degrees (Azimuth)
Precipitation	Inches	X			Belfort Model 3200 Hi-Capacity Precipitation Gauge Sierra MISCO Model 2500E or MRI Model 302 Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge
Temperature	°F	X			Teledyne Geotech Model T-200; or Bristol Model 9Q6; or Climatronics Model P/N 100826 Thermistor Bridge or Platinum RTD
Dew Point	°F	X			Teledyne Geotech Model DP200B Lithium Chloride Bobbin
Relative Humidity		X			Teledyne Geotech Model RH200 Helical Hydroscopic LVDT
Barometric Pressure	Inches of Mercury	X			Teledyne Geotech Model BP300 Capsular - LVDT