Table of Contents
1.0 Background and Overview of the Federal Regional Haze Regulation
1.1. Haze Characteristics and Effects
1.2. General Background / History of Federal Regional Haze Rule
1.3 Area of Influence for MANE-VU Class I Areas
1.4 Class I Areas Affected
2.0 General Planning Provisions
2.1 SIP Submission Dates
2.2 New York Statutory Authority
4.0 Federal Land Manager Coordination
5.0 Assessment of Baseline and Natural Conditions
5.1 Natural Conditions
5.2 Baseline Visibility
5.3 Comparison of Natural and Baseline Conditions
6.1 IMPROVE Program Objectives
6.2 New York's Monitoring Responsibilities
6.3 Monitoring Information for MANE-VU Class I Areas
7.1 Baseline and Future Year Emission Inventories for Modeling
7.2 Inventories for Specific Source Types
7.3 Emission Processor Selection and Configuration (SMOKE)
7.4 Sources of Visibility Impairing Pollutants in MANE-VU
7.5 Emission Inventory Characteristics
7.6 Summary of Emission Inventories
8.0 Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) Requirements
8.1 BART and the Clean Air Interstate Rule
8.2 Large Electrical Generating Units
8.3 The Federal BART Rule
8.4 New York State's BART Rule
8.5 Anticipated Visibility Improvement as a Result of BART
9.0 Reasonable Progress Goals (RPGs)
9.1 Consultation and Agreement with Other States' Goals
9.2 Reasonable Progress Goals for Class I Areas
9.3 Controls Within MANE-VU
9.4 Controls Within MANE-VU Selected by Class I States to Meet Reasonable Progress Goals
9.5 Visibility Impacts of Additional Reasonable Controls
9.6 Modeling Impacts of BART Controls on Former Non-CAIR Sources in MANE-VU
9.7 Controls Outside of MANE-VU Selected to Meet Reasonable Progress Goals
9.8 Implementation of MANE-VU's Low Sulfur Fuel Strategy
9.9 Impacts of Reducing Emissions of SO2 from 167 EGU Stacks
9.10 Reducing Non-EGU SO2 Emissions Outside MANE-VU by 28 Percent
9.11 Implementation of Gas-Turbine EGU Controls in Canada
9.12 Results of Best and Final Modeling
9.13 Comparison to the Clean Air Act
9.14 Reporting
10.1 Overview of the Long Term Strategy Development Process
10.2 Technical Basis for Emission Reduction Obligations
10.3 Emission Reductions Due to Ongoing Air Pollution Control Programs
10.4 Additional Reasonable Strategies
10.5 Additional Measures Considered
10.6 Estimated Impacts of New York's Long Term Strategy on Visibility
10.7 New York's Share of Emission Reductions
10.8 Enforceability of Emission Limitations and Control Measures
10.9 Consultation on the Long Term Strategy
10.10 Emission Limitations and Schedules of Compliance
11.0 Comprehensive Periodic Implementation Plan Revisions
12.0 Determination of the Adequacy of the Existing Plan
Appendices
List of Tables
Table 1-1 States That Contribute to Visibility Impairment in the MANE-VU Class I Areas of Acadia, Moosehorn, Great Gulf, Lye Brook and Brigantine
Table 3-1 MANE-VU RPO Members
Table 5-1 IMPROVE Information for MANE-VU Class I Areas
Table 5-2 Baseline Visibility for the 20 Percent Worst Days and 20 Percent Best Days for Five Years (from 2000-2004) in MANE-VU Class I Areas
Table 5-3 Summary of Baseline Visibility and Natural Conditions for the 20 Percent Worst and 20 Percent Best Visibility Days
Table 7-1 MANE-VU 2002 Emissions Inventory Summary
Table 7-2 MANE-VU 2018 Emissions Inventory Summary
Table 7-3 Change in MANE-VU Emissions 2002 to 2018
Table 7-4 New York 2002 Emissions Inventory Summary
Table 7-5 New York 2018 Emissions Inventory Summary
Table 7-6 Change in New York Emissions 2002 to 2018
Table 9-1 Uniform Rate of Progress
Table 9-2a Reasonable Progress Goals-20 Percent Worst Days
Table 9-2b Reasonable Progress Goals-20 Percent Best Days
Table 9-3 Summary of Results from Four-Factor Analysis of Different Source Categories
Table 9-4 Units in New York Included in the List of 167 Stacks Identified by MANE-VU for Which 90 Percent or Greater Reductions in Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Emissions are Recommended
Table 9-5 New York State OTB/OTW VOC Control Measures in the 8-Hour Ozone SIP
Table 9-6 Estimated Emissions from Non-EGU BART-Eligible Facilities Located in MANE-VU Used in Final Modeling
Table 10-1 Percent of Modeled Sulfate Due to Emissions from Listed States
Table 10-2 Recreational Marine Diesel Emission Standards
Table 10-3 Corrected Construction Emissions from the District of Columbia
Table 10-4 Nonroad Diesel Emission Standards
Table 10-5 Rulemaking Schedule Summary
Table 10-6 Summary of Results from the Four Factor Analysis
Table 10-7 Estimated Emissions from Non-EGU BART-Eligible Facilities Located in MANE-VU Used in Final Modeling
Table 10-8 Emissions from Point, Area and Mobile Sources in MANE-VU
Table 10-9 Emissions from Point, Area and Mobile Sources in New York
List of Figures
Figure 6-1 Locational Map of the Acadia National Park, the Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge, and the Roosevelt Campobello International Park
Figure 6-2 Detailed Map of Acadia National Park
Figure 6-3 Detailed Map of the Moosehorn Wildlife Refuge Areas and the Roosevelt Campobello International Park
Figure 6-4 Locational Map of the Brigantine Wilderness Area
Figure 6-5 Detailed Map of the Brigantine Wilderness Area
Figure 6-6 Locational Map of the Great Gulf Wilderness and Presidential Range Dry River Areas
Figure 6-7 Detailed Map of the Great Gulf Wilderness and Presidential Range Dry River Areas
Figure 6-8 Locational Map of the Lye Brook Wilderness Area
Figure 6-9 Detailed Map of the Lye Brook Wilderness Area
Figure 7-1 State Level Sulfur Dioxide Emissions
Figure 7-2 2002 SO2 Emissions
Figure 7-3 2002 VOC Emissions
Figure 7-4 State Level Nitrogen Oxides Emissions
Figure 7-5 2002 NOX Emissions
Figure 7-6 State Level Primary PM10 Emissions
Figure 7-7 State Level Primary PM2.5 Emissions
Figure 7-8 2002 Primary PM10 Emissions
Figure 7-9 2002 Primary PM2.5 Emissions
Figure 7-10 State Level Ammonia Emissions
Figure 7-11 2002 NH3 Emissions
Figure 8-1 Tentative NYS BART Sources
Figure 9-1 Average Change in 24-hr PM2.5 Due to Low Sulfur Fuel Strategies Relative to OTB/OTW
Figure 9-2 Preliminary Estimate of Average Change in 24-hr PM2.5 Due to 90 Percent Reduction in SO2 Emissions from 167 EGU Stacks Affecting MANE-VU
Figure 9-3 Projected Visibility Improvement at Acadia National Park Based on 2009 and 2018 Best and Final Projections
Figure 9-4 Projected Visibility Improvement at Brigantine National Wildlife Refuge Based on Best and Final Modeling
Figure 9-5 Projected Visibility Improvement at Great Gulf Wilderness Area Based on Best and Final Modeling
Figure 9-6 Projected Visibility Improvement at Lye Brook Wilderness Area Based on Best and Final Modeling
Figure 9-7 Projected Visibility Improvement at Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge and Roosevelt/Campobello International Park Based on Best and Final Modeling
Figure 10-1 Contributions to PM2.5 Extinction at Seven Class I Sites
Figure 10-2 Ranked state percent sulfate contributions to Northeast Class I receptors based on emissions divided by distance (Q/d) results adjusted for prevailing winds
Figure 10-3 Ranked state percent sulfate contributions to Mid-Atlantic Class I receptors based on emissions divided by distance (Q/d) results adjusted for prevailing winds
Figure 10-4 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Brigantine
Figure 10-5 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Lye Brook
Figure 10-6 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Great Gulf
Figure 10-7 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Acadia
Figure 10-8 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Moosehorn
Figure 10-9 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Shenandoah
Figure 10-10 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Dolly Sods
Figure 10-11 167 EGU Stacks Affecting MANE VU Class I Area(s)
Figure 10-12 Woodsmoke Source Regional Aggregations
Figure 10-13a Projected Visibility Improvement at Acadia National Park Based On 2009 and 2018 Best and Final Projections
Figure 10-13b Projected Visibility Improvement at Brigantine National Wildlife Refuge Based On Best and Final Modeling
Figure 10-13c Projected Visibility Improvement at Great Gulf Wilderness Area Based on Best and Final Modeling
Figure 10-13d Projected Visibility Improvement at Lye Brook Wilderness Area Based on Best and Final Modeling
Figure 10-13e Projected Visibility Improvement at Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge Based on Best and Final Modeling
List of Appendices
- Appendix A Contributions to Regional Haze in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic United States
- Cover through Section 4 (PDF) (905 kB, 78 pgs)
- Section 5 to End (PDF) (1.86 mB, 46 pgs)
- Appendix B Summary of Federal Land Manager Comments and Responses (PDF) (75 kB, 32 pgs)
- Appendix C Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Rule (PDF) (614 kB, 67 pgs)
- Appendix D Updated Visibility Statistics for the MANE-VU Region (PDF) (513 kB, 52 pgs)
- Appendix E Development of Emission Projections for 2009, 2012 and 2018 for NonEGU Point, Area, and Nonroad Sources in the MANE-VU Region (PDF) (877 kB, 196 pgs)
- Appendix F Summary of Consultation Meetings and Conferences (PDF) (66 kB, 18 pgs)
- Appendix G Technical Support Document on Measures to Mitigate the Visibility Impacts of Construction Activities in the MANE-VU Region (PDF) (PDF 263 kB, 16 pgs)
- Appendix H Technical Support Document for 2002 MANE-VU SIP Modeling Inventories, Version 3 (PDF) (926 kB, 190 pgs)
- Appendix I Technical Support Document on Agricultural and Forestry Smoke Management in the MANE-VU Region (PDF) (732 kB, 20 pgs)
- Appendix J Assessment of Reasonable Progress for Regional Haze in MANE-VU Class I Areas
- Appendix K Statement of the Mid-Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union (MANE-VU) Concerning a Course of Action Within MANE-VU Toward Assuring Reasonable Progress
- Appendix L Baseline and Natural Background Visibility Conditions (PDF) (134 kB, 22 pgs)
- Appendix M The Nature of the Fine Particle and Regional Haze Air Quality Problems in the MANE-VU Region: A Conceptual Description
- - Cover through Section 3 (PDF) (1.2 mB, 55 pgs)
- - Section 4 to end (PDF) (1.2 mB, 41 pgs)
- Appendix N MANE-VU Basis for Reasonable Controls (PDF) (71 kB, 22 pgs)
- Appendix O Supplemental Air Quality Modeling Technical Support Document (TSD) for the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR), May, 2004 (PDF) (867 kB, 30 pgs)
- Appendix P List of Top 167 Sources (PDF) (44 kB, 8 pgs)
- Appendix Q Five-Factor Analysis of BART-Eligible Sources: Survey of Options for Conducting BART Determinations (July, 2007) (PDF) (PDF 504 kB, 40 pgs)
- Appendix R MANE-VU Modeling for Reasonable Progress Goals: Model Performance Evaluation, Pollution Apportionment, and Control Measure Benefits (February 2008)
- - Cover through Section 2 (PDF) (1.5 mB, 50 pgs)
- - Section 3 to end (PDF) (477 kB, 26 pgs)
- Appendix S Statement of the Mid Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union (MANE VU) Concerning a Request for a Course of Action by States Outside MANE-VU Toward Assuring Reasonable Progress
- Appendix T Comparison of CAIR and CAIR Plus Proposal using the Integrated Planning Model (PDF) (322 kB, 62 pgs)
- Appendix U Assessment of Control Technology Options for BART-Eligible Sources: Steam Electric Boilers, Industrial Boilers, Cement Plants and Paper and Pulp Facilities (PDF) (570 kB, 104 pgs)
- Appendix V 2018 Visibility Projections (PDF) (187 kB, 30 pgs)
- Appendix W Documentation of 2018 Emissions from Electric Generating Units in the Eastern United States for MANE-VU's Regional Haze Modeling (PDF) (322 kB, 50 pgs)
- Appendix X New Hampshire Consultation Letter
- Cover through Section 8 (PDF) (1.7 mB, 77 pgs)
- Section 9 through Section 12 (PDF) (1.8 mB, 96 pgs)
